SUAB LUG

Speech sounds are the echoes of words--some may refer to them as "word intonations"--and are formed by combining the vowels and tones together. This table consists about 99% of the Hmong Der and Mong Leng sounds. It is crucial that these sounds are mastered if one is to be able to read and write well.

		Tone Markers
		High<-----------------Pitch ----------------->Low
V o w e l s	+	b	j	v	=	s	g	m	d*	Play
	a	ab	aj	av	a	as	ag	am	ad
	e	eb	ej	ev	e	es	eg	em	ed
	i	ib	ij	iv	i	is	ig	im	id
	o	ob	oj	ov	o	os	og	om	od
	u	ub	uj	uv	u	us	ug	um	ud
	w	wb	wj	wv	w	ws	wg	wm	wd
	aa	aab	aaj	aav	aa	aas	aag	aam	aad
	au	aub	auj	auv	au	aus	aug	aum	aud
	ai	aib	aij	aiv	ai	ais	aig	aim	aid
	aw	awb	awj	awv	aw	aws	awg	awm	awd
	ee	eeb	eej	eev	ee	ees	eeg	eem	eed
	ia	iab	iaj	iav	ia	ias	iag	iam	iad
	oo	oob	ooj	oov	oo	oos	oog	oom	ood
	ua	uab	uaj	uav	ua	uas	uag	uam	uad